求助：提取液洗涤乳化原因和解决方案！

uuluo

提取液在碱洗时总出现乳化现象！产品损失比较大，经论证已找到比较理想的碱洗溶液比例！请高手指点一下乳化的可能原因和具体的解决方案！
目前总是在怀疑发酵液中的蛋白质沉淀不彻底，导致蛋白质乳化！请高手指点！

细履平沙

发酵液中存在两性分子(既有亲水基团又有亲脂基团)是乳化现象的主要原因.
解决的办法,优化前期工艺(包括减少消泡剂,油脂的用量等发酵策略,还包括使用膜技术等),减少这样的杂质,另外分离出乳化层,进行破乳.

细履平沙

给一篇英文文献,Application of ultrafiltration to improve the extraction of antibiotics
Abstact:
The production of antibiotics typically consists of fermentation, removal of biomass, solvent extraction, and crystallization. Vacuum rotary filtration or other conventional filtration systems and microfiltration are used to remove the biomass, but the biomass removal step fails to remove macromolecules including polysaccharides and proteins which may act as emulsifiers
causing emulsion in the subsequent solvent extraction process, and reducing the process efficiency and product quality. In this work, an attempt was made to remove these “emulsifiers” before solvent extraction using ultrafiltration (UF). Bench and pilot
scale spiral wound membrane modules with the MWCO of 5, 20 and 50 kDa were tested to treat benzylpenicillin (Pen G) broth following microbe removal. The UF permeates were subsequently fed to solvent extraction (acidic extraction at pH 2.0). The experimental
results showed that UF could significantly improve the extraction operation in terms of phase separation, elimination of the need for any de-emulsifier or wet agent, and increase extraction recovery and product quality. Similar improvements from UF were observed in the extractions of erythromycin and medmycin (alkaline extraction at pH 10.0 and 8.7, respectively). The experimental results show that UF is an alternative to the use of de-emulsifier or other wet agent to obtain good phase separation even by gravity without centrifugal extractor in solvent extractions of Pen G, erythromycin and medmycin. The mechanisms of
the improvement of extraction were discussed based on the experimental results on characterizing the feed and permeate solutions of UF. And it was concluded that there existed bioemulsifiers in antibiotic fermentation broth and UF could successfully remove them and hence could improve the extraction operation.

uuluo

谢谢老大给的资料，我会好好学习一下！有什么问题我会继续向您请教！

大漠孤烟

提取液中加适当的破乳剂进行破乳。