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In addition of aeration, agitation and other hydrodynamic condition, the protein content of the microbial growth medium is the most vulnerable factor for foam formation in fermentation systems. Intensive foam formation frequently engenders productivity losses such as reduction in working volume of a bioreactor, product and biomass losses, cell lysis, enhanced gas hold up, decreased power dissipation and liquid circulation rate, lower mass and heat transfer and increased chances of contamination during fermentation. The concentration of components initially present in the medium and products of biochemical reactions as well as operating conditins sinificantly influenced the stablility and pattern of foam formation. |
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